Key Concepts of Object Orientation

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Difference between Interface and Abstract Class:

    * Interfaces are closely related to abstract classes that have all members abstract.
    * For an abstract class, at least one method of the class must be an abstract method that means it may have concrete methods.
    *  For an interface, all the methods must be abstract
    * Class that implements an interface much provide concrete implementation of all the methods definition in an interface or else must be declare an abstract class
    * In C#, multiple inheritance is possible only through implementation of multiple interfaces. Abstract class can only be derived once.
    * An interface defines a contract and can only contains four entities viz methods, properties, events and indexes. An interface thus cannot contain constants, fields, operators, constructors, destructors, static constructors, or types.
    * Also an interface cannot contain static members of any kind. The modifiers abstract, public, protected, internal, private, virtual, override is disallowed, as they make no sense in this context.
    * Class members that implement the interface members must be publicly accessible.

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How to implement the Business Layer-II

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Code Snippet 3: CustomerInfoCollection GetAllCustomers() method
public class CustomerInfo
{
private DataRow m_dr;
private CustomerInfoCollection m_cic;

public CustomerInfo(CustomerInfoCollection coll, DataRow dr)
{
m_cic = coll;
m_dr = dr;
}

} 


Code Snippet 4: CustomerInfo Class & Constructor

    Now, the DataRow object is associated with the DataTable in the Collection class as well as with an object. Now all we have to do is define properties which directly access the columns in the DataRow. In this way, we create a direct conduit into the DataSet and a way to centralise inserts, updates and deletes.
Here is an example:
public string CustomerID
{
get
{
if (m_dr["CustomerID"] == System.DBNull.Value)
return "";
else
return m_dr["CustomerID"].ToString();
}
set
{
m_dr["CustomerID"] = value;
}
}
Implementing Business Rules
So where do those much-talked-about business rules go? Well, we've already implemented one called GetAllCustomers. So all we have to do is implement a Create and Update method:
To create a new Customer, we need to do 3 things:

   1. Instantiate a new DataRow based on the Customer DataTable
   2. Add the DataRow to the Rows collection of DataTable
   3. Instantiate a new CustomerInfo object and add it to the collection.

We will also need our method to return the newly instantiated ClientInfo object so that we can use it in the Presentation Layer.
Here is the method we will implement in the CustomerInfoCollection class:


public CustomerInfo Create()
{
DataRow dr = m_ds.Tables["Customers"].NewRow();
m_ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows.Add(dr);
CustomerInfo ci = new CustomerInfo(this, dr);

this.Add(ci);
return ci;
}
Code Snippet 6: CustomerInfoCollection Create() Method
Note that we have used the Add method instead of adding our object directly to the ArrayList; it is one of the methods you will need to write in order to implement IList.
To implement the update, it is even easier. Since every Info class feeds directly into the collection DataTable, all we have to do is send the entire DataSet to the Data Layer which will deal with the request.
public void Update()
{
DCustomers cust = new DCustomers();
// No try/catch because the Exception will be passed to the calling object in
// the presentation layer
m_ds = cust.UpdateCustomers(m_ds);
}
Code Snippet 7: CustomerInfoCollection Update() Method
    So that was fairly easy. We now have to implement the Delete and, more importantly, the Undo methods.
Because we have a DataRow inside our CustomerInfo object, we need to be able to remove this object from the collection at the same time as we delete the row. We will also need to extend our CustomerInfo class and add a couple of helper properties, notably a Parent property which points back to the collection class (see Code Snippet 4) and a RowStatus property, which send back the DataRow Rowstate.

public CustomerInfoCollection Parent
{
get
{
return m_Parent;
}
}

public DataRowState RowStatus
{
get
{
return m_dr.RowState;
}
}

How to implement the Business Layer-I

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The Database Model:
   The starting point for any application is the database model. This is the lowest tier and one of the most important. By developing a model which covers all your functional requirements, you build the foundations upon which your whole application relies.
Let's have a look at the database model for this sample application as our data layer is going to connect to it.
   As you can see, a Customer, can have several Orders. Each Orders item is related to one or more Order Details. Every Products item can be related to zero or more Order Details.
That's it. Not really complicated, but complex enough to demonstrate how to navigate through a set of interrelated tables.
Collecting the Business:
   If one thinks of any system, all we are really dealing with is collections of data. For instance, a list of customers is just a collection of customers. Each customer contains a collection of orders, which in turn contains a collection of order detail items.
   Within our business layer, for each major table or set of related tables, we will create a collection class based on the IList interface so that it can be used as a data source. Each Item within the collection will be an "Info" class which encapsulates the information for each table.
   So, for the Customer table in the example above, we will create two classes: CustomerInfoCollection and CustomerInfo which will encapsulate the collection and the detail respectively.
So we end up with this class model:
Not all that complicated, is it?
The next step is to see how these classes are implemented. We will base our collection class around the ArrayList object. It is not the most efficient option since casting to and from another type is relatively slow, but in order not to overcomplicate this implementation it is the most flexible one. For production use, I recommend you write your own or use some of the excellent classes referenced throughout the MSDN or related websites.
So, our basic class definition will look like this:

public class CustomerInfoCollection : IList
{
private ArrayList m_alCustomerInfo;

public CustomerInfoCollection()
{
m_alCustomerInfo = new ArrayList();
}
}

Code Snippet 1: CustomerInfoCollection Class and Constructor
Of course, we will need to implement IList. This can be done quite simply by encapsulating the ArrayList methods and making sure that only the required Info objects are added to it.
Here is a simple example which demonstrates an IList method which ensures that only CustomerInfo objects are added to the ArrayList:


public int Add(object value)
{
if (value is CustomerInfo)
{
return m_alCustomerInfo.Add(value);
}
else
throw new InvalidCastException("Collection only accepts CustomerInfo objects");
}
Interweaving the .NET Framework in our Business
   Well, this is a .NET article, so obviously we're going to leverage as much of the framework as we can. In part 1 of this series, I explained how the data layer would be responsible for communicating with the database or data source. The object resulting from this dialog is the DataSet. Once you realise that this object serializes to XML automatically, it becomes the obvious object to handle communication between the layers. Since it is independent of any data source, we do not compromise our layers.
   So, let's have a look at how we integrate the DataSet object into our classes.
If you look at Figure 2, we can set up a convenient relationship between the DataTable object by using it as a basic data store within the collection and using the DataRow within the Info class. Because the DataSet and not the DataTable is serializable, we will define a DataSet per collection and associate each DataRow with a specific Info item object.
So how will this look on implementation?

public class CustomerInfoCollection : IList
{
private ArrayList m_alCustomerInfo;
private DataSet m_ds;

public CustomerInfoCollection()
{
m_alCustomerInfo = new ArrayList();
}

public void GetAllCustomers()
{
// Instantiate a Data Layer class to fill the DataSet
// The specific method will fill a DataTable named "Customers"
// See Part 3 for further details.
DCustomers cust = new DCustomers();
m_ds = cust.SelectAllCustomers();

// Iterate on all rows and create an Info object per row
foreach (DataRow dr in m_ds.Tables["Customers"].Rows)
m_alCustomerInfo.Add(new CustomerInfo(this, dr));
}
}


How to implement the Business Layer

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Summary: I explained the difference between the presentation, business and data layer. In this instalment, I will explain how to implement the business layer and the objects you will need to build and how they interact.

Introduction:

I started writing this series in response to what I thought were overcomplicated explanations of a fairly simple subject. I have also noticed that there seems to be a 50-50 split in the newsgroups and forums about how n-tier should be implemented. Should it use ADO.NET as a basis, or should it be implemented in an object-centric way? Each method has its advantages. If you use ADO.NET you get all the pre-implemented advantages the .NET development teams have provided. However, you can't encapsulate functionality into a DataSet or DataTable object. On the other hand, an object-centric approach means that you have to re-implement all the fantastic ADO.NET functionality. In an attempt to bridge the gap, the method I use is a mixture of both approaches. By using ADO.NET in an object-centric way, we could gain the benefits of both.

In the first part, I set the scene by showing the evolutionary process which brought us to the n-tier stage. In this article, I will explain how to implement a simple but non-trivial part of the Customer/Order part of the Northwind database and we will explore what the best way is to implement the Business layer.  In the following instalments, we will look at the data layer and the presentation layer. Finally we'll look at moving our blocks of code onto different physical machines using .NET Remoting and XML Web services. As you will see, many technologies and prerequisites are required in order to understand how this works, including interfaces and ADO.NET.

Although this article is an introduction to .NET architecture, it assumes that you have knowledge of .NET mechanics and the use of OO concepts such as interfaces. If there is enough demand, I'll supplement this article with a series on how these concepts are implemented in .NET. So with this proviso, let's have a look at how to implement an n-tier architecture you can apply to your most complex projects.

Please note that this article does not contain attached code. Full code will be supplied in the 3rd instalment as source code is meaningless without a data layer.

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''தற்போது அரசியலில் குதிக்க தயாராக இல்லை. விரைவில் ரசிகர் மன்றத்துக்கான கொடியை மட்டும் அறிமுகம் படுத்தப்படும்'' என ஈரோட்டில் நடிகர் விஜய் நற்பணி மன்ற நலத்திட்ட உதவி வழங்கும் விழாவில் நடிகர் விஜய் பேசினார்

விஜய்: ஈரோடு மாவட்ட ரசிகர்களிடம் இருந்து எனக்கு அதிக கடிதம் வருகின்றன. தமிழகத்தில் எனக்கு ஈரோட்டில் தான் முதலில் ரசிகர் மன்றம் துவக்கப்பட்டது. ஆகவே ஈரோடு எனக்கு முக்கிய நகரமாக உள்ளது. இது எனக்கு மகிழ்ச்சியாக உள்ளது.

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Washington: US search engine giant Google is planning to introduce Android-based television software in May which will enable the users to access television through internet. The new software, designed to open set-top boxes, TVs and other devices to more content from the internet, is attracting interest from partners that include Sony Corp., Intel Corp. and Logitech International SA, which are expected to offer products that support the software, according to people familiar with the matter. However, none has so far discussed the efforts publicly, The Wall Street Journal reported. Google's multiple-access password software 'Gaia' hacked      Google, of Mountain View, California, is currently planning on sharing some details about the technology with more than 3,000 developers expected to attend its conference in San Francisco on May 19 and 20. One person familiar with the matter cautioned that the company could also decide to delay discussing it until the technology is more mature. Google uses the annual conference to showcase a range of technologies of interest to developers. The decision to address developers suggests that the internet giant may be hoping to kick-start a race to build applications for its TV platform, much in the same way that Google, Apple Inc. and others have courted developers for smartphones. Google: $1.4M on 1Q lobby on China, other issues    The app-store approach has already begun to gain traction among some players in the TV market, too, aided by the advent of TVs, Blu-ray players and other hardware with internet connections. The service, which uses the new Google technology, allows users to access and search across programming from the internet as well as Dish's conventional programming. The test, which began last year, is still limited to a very small number of the company's employees and their families.

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Full Name: JOESPH VIJAY Affectionately Called Ilayathalapathy(By fans) Vassol Chakravarthy(By Film Fraternities) Profession - Actor and Singer Date of Birth 22nd June 1974 Mother Tongue - Tamil Height - 5’-10” Father - S.A.Chandasekharan(Writer, Producer, Director) Mother - Shobha Chandra Sekhar(Singer, Writer And Director) Uncle - S.N Surendar {Play Back Singer And Dubbing Voice for Actor Mohan Over 85 Film} Education - Bachelor's Degree of Visual Communications at Loyola Spouse - Sangeetha Vijay Wedded Sangeetha on - August 25 1999 Son - Jason Sanjay Daughter - Divya Saasha Dear Friends - Sajai, Srinath, Sanjeev, Manoj and Ram Kumar His Best friend in film industry - Vikram, Surya Debut as child artiste - “Vetri” As action hero - Nalaya Therpu Directed by S.A.Chandra Shekar As an Actor - Strengths - Stunts, Dance and Singing, Punch Dialogues. Aa a person - Intorvert, Famous for on - Line Answers Favourties >> Tourist spots - London and Los Angels >> Food - Non-Vegetrian(Chicken Briyani and Tandoori Items) >> Clothes - Jeans and T-Shirt >> Colour - Blue and Black Crazy About - Cars(Owns a Black BMW)

KAAVALAN

llayathalapathy Vijay is busy these days and working hard on KAAVALAN and VELAYUDHAM simultaneously, with both being handled by experienced directors.

Vijay is right now shooting for KAAVALAN at Kerala, and the team would be back to Chennai for their final schedule and the shooting is all set to be wrapped up in the first week of October, after which Vijay would resume his shoot for Velayudham.

Now expectations are on the upcoming movies that Vijay would work on after these 2 releases and its now confirmed that Vijay would work with Shankar for tamil remake of 3-Idiots. Vijay had already agreed to do the lead role in tamil remake of 3-Idiots , which would be directed by Shankar and the music for the movie would be scored by Harris Jeyaraj and his combo with Vijay for the first time is set to create great expectations. This movie would be produced by Gemini Circuits, who hold the copy rights for the tamil remake of the movie.Talks are with Madhavan to play the same role that he did in Hindi and Jeeva would be the other lead too. But except for Vijay doing the lead role, the other casting details is still under discussions and would be known soon in the coming week.

Vijay s combination with Shankar and Harris Jeyaraj is sure to create history.
So letz all keep our fingers crossed and wait for further official announcements regarding the same.

I love my job!

I love my job, I love the pay.
I love it more and more each day.
I love my boss; he is the best.
I love his boss and all the rest.
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I hate to have to go on vacation.
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There’s nothing else I love so well.
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I love my job-I’ll say it again.
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